Hi Guys,
Recently, MFO member Ted referenced a 7-year forecast generated by the honorable GMO investment advisory firm. Here is the Link to the GMO graphic that captured my attention:
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2013/08/gmo-7-year-asset-class-real-return-forecasts/print/Thank you Ted.
The bar chart certainly should focus your attention too. Just look at the disparity for the negative returns for both the US Large and Small Cap components, especially when contrasted a
gainst the more normative predictions for the Emerging Market sector. If you trust this forecast, you will surely consider a major asset allocation adjustment.
However, for the moment, please keep your powder dry. How accurate and reliable is the GMO forecast? That’s a particularly relevant question now given the popular excitement that usually accompanies Jeremy Grantham’s inspired releases. He is a genuinely respected expert in this arena. Here is an internal Link to a post that I contributed earlier on this matter that focuses on scoring market prognosticators:
http://www.mutualfundobserver.com/discussions-3/#/discussion/7332/time-to-look-again-at-emerging-markets-equityThe current July 2013 GMO report takes a dramatic negative position with regard to projected US equity returns. GMO forecasts that US Large Caps and Small Caps will deliver a -2.1 % and -3.5 % annual real return. respectively, in this upcoming 7-year cycle. The firm also projects a very positive outlook for the Emerging Market group.
I honestly do not know anything about the GMO methodology. Their criteria are a black box to me. I can not make any judgments about their Emerging Markets forecast since I don’t understand the mechanisms that govern its behavior or evaluations. In contrast, I do have some resources and perceptions with regard to the US marketplace. So I’ll limit my submittal to an assessment of GMO’s predictions in that area alone.
According to the CXO Advisory Group Guru scorecard, which was maintained and faithfully executed for a long time, Jeremy Grantham was correct 47.5 % of the time in 37 scored prediction instances. Not all that bad, but not great either. This is really only half the story since we don’t know the magnitudes of the
gains or losses associated with each decision. However, it is a cautionary note; Grantham, is not omniscient.
Given these observations, I was motivated to do a few simple calculations. I’m sure the details of that analysis will bore you, so I’ll immediately summarize my basic conclusion: GMO is very likely wrong with respect to its US forecasts. I say “very likely” because nobody can forecast the future with precision. It’s uncertain and is best characterized in terms of probability odds.
Here’s why I disagree with the GMO projection.
Basically, GMO ignores Base-Rate considerations in their projections. The S&P 500 (Large Cap proxy) has produced 6.5 % annual real returns over its entire history. If you did no analysis whatsoever, a respectable zeroth order estimate for the upcoming 7-year stretch would be the same 6.5 % annual Base-Rate.
The GMO projection is a heroic departure from that baseline standard. Is it correct? I’ll not be dogmatic on this matter; I’ll allow my calculations to guide my likelihood decision.
My analysis exactly follows the modeling and procedures outlined in John Bogle’s “Common Sense on Mutual Funds” book. The methodology is reported in Chapter 2 of that classic tome. The analytical procedure accepts the Occam’s Razor simplicity analysis approach.
Annual Real Return is equal to Dividend Rate plus Earnings Growth Rate plus any annual speculative change in the Price-to Earnings (P/E) rate ratio. By focusing on Real Return, inflation is nicely removed from the equation.
I examined a bunch of scenarios using the WSJ’s reported current dividend rate (2.05 %) and an average of the past and forecasted P/E ratios (approximately 15). That P/E ratio is approximately in neutral territory; many experts believe that above that tipping point, markets are overvalued with downward pressures suggestive of a regression-to-the-mean likelihood, and below that threshold, the reverse is probable.
If investors have neutral feelings over market prospects ( P/E ratio remains near its current level), then over the 7-year upcoming period, earnings growth must be a -4.1 % annually to satisfy the GMO prediction. That is highly unlikely since historically earnings growth rate has been more like in the plus 3 % range. That 3 % target results from a roughly 1 % demographics growth and a 2 % productivity enhancement.
An alternate way to test the plausibility of the GMO forecast is to calculate what the change in the speculative component (the P/E ratio element) must be to satisfy the GMO real returns prediction. That balance is easily done again using the Bogle formulation.
If historically conservative earnings growth rates of 2 % and 1 % are introduced into the equation, a P/E ratio change range of -6.1 % and -5.1 % annually is required. That too is a highly unlikely outcome. It demands a consistently pessimistic cohort of market participants to make the GMO prediction work.
If the GMO forecasts prove to be in the ballpark, the accompanying P/E ratios would need to be in the 10 range. Unless attitudes and perspectives dramatically change, the US investors would never allow that to happen, at least for very long.
Based on the simple Bogle model and the historic Base-Rate market returns, I reject the GMO 7-year US equity forecasts. The probabilities of their forecast ever becoming a reality is remote. In this instance, commenting only on the US equity segment of their forecasts, I believe that GMO has missed the mark by a huge margin.
Making a few numbers and resorting to Base-Rate data are always useful tools when doing a sanity check. In this instance, the overly aggressive negative predictions for the US equity markets are exposed as very low probability events.
Given these poor likelihood odds, I’ll not act on the GMO US equity estimates. I’ll not abandon my US equity portfolio holdings, at least not based on the uninspired GMO forecasts that I consider flawed.
Regardless of my negative assessment of the current GMO forecast, I still consider that outfit a respected market analytical powerhouse. They do good work. In general, when GMO speaks we should always listen, but not always immediately accept their judgments. A little independent analysis helps to challenge outrageous,outlier predictions.
Please share your opinions on this crucial portfolio matter.
Best Regards.