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Wall Street Enters Darker Age With Most Stock Trading Hidden

edited February 2 in Other Investing
It’s difficult to share / link stories having Bloomberg’s subscription app installed. But it’s sometimes possible to link reprints at Yahoo as I’ve done here.

“For the first time on record, the majority of all trading in US stocks is now consistently occurring outside the country’s exchanges, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. This off-exchange activity — which happens internally at major firms or in alternative platforms known as dark pools — is on course to account for a record 51.8% of traded volume in January. Barring an unexpected dip, it will be the fifth monthly record in a row, and the third month running that hidden trades make up more than half of all volume.”

Read at Yahoo Finance (Originally from Bloomberg)

https://emailshare.cmail20.com/t/n/d-l-c03970e3e18911efa3a97fc765cc8b44-l-d-r-l/

Comments

  • Did I miss the memo? I thought that any equity shares which are publicly traded in any exchange must be completely public and transparent. So are most of these alternative platform trades confined to non-listed equities? Are they pink sheet stuff, private equity, etc. or what? Whatever it is I'm sure it's totally legitimate wink-wink.
  • Is this what's meant by "blackbox," akin to what I've heard about the inner workings at Blackstone?
  • a2z
    edited January 26
    aren't these 'pools' what keep costs down, e.g., one fidelity client sells shares and another fidelity client picks up that lot?

    (this is NOT saying some part of the financial industry will not exploit dark pools, that is to be fully expected given the american worship of capitalism. it even seems unpatriotic these days not to participate in outright grift.)
  • edited January 26
    I did not fully understand this concept when I posted the topic. Your comments have made it a bit clearer. No - @Crash - this is not a “black box” in the sense we normally apply the term. I have no idea if this move to non-public (apparently secret) trades helps or hurts the average retail investor. Sometimes the discrepancies between “sell” and “bid” prices seem unreasonably wide - at least for some ETFs. I wonder if the “dark” (unseen) trades have any role in that matter?
  • Thanks, @hank. I do recall once, being unpleasantly surprised by bid-ask stuff. The posted, PUBLICLY KNOWN share price hit the same limit-order price I was offering, to buy some shares, but the purchase did not go through. That is the next possible instance that comes to mind. Chucky told me the seller did not want to sell at that particular price. Weird, nuts and goofy.
  • Lot of large-block & institutional trading is under SEC ATS regulations. The idea is not to overwhelm exchange trading systems with huge trades - that may have to be broken up into smaller lots. Retail investors cannot participate in this trading.

    In addition, your broker may fill your order from its inventory if it can provide the same or better price than the exchange. Your brokerage confirmation will flag this. The broker saves some fees by doing this.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_trading_system
  • Does this also provide “cover” for large traders who don’t want others to react in some way to their trades - most common being frontrunning?
  • Front running is useless, unless others react and push the prices farther in the intended direction.
  • edited January 29
    BaluBalu said:

    ”Front running is useless, unless others react and push the prices farther in the intended direction.”

    Thanks @BaluBalu. That’s good to know.

    Actually I was asking whether the hidden trading might sometimes serve to intentionally hide certain trades from public view - for any reason? Or is it as @Yogi suggested merely a way to reduce costs and make markets operate more efficiently? If it’s simply done for efficiency and to keep costs down it shouldn’t matter whether 50%, 75% or 90% of all trades are hidden. As the linked article states, the trend is upward.
  • @hank,

    I only focus on price discovery and bid-ask spreads. With machines trading against us, these two items are unlikely to stay skewed for too long. YBB can tell us whether all (ATS or exchange) trades have to be reflected in the real time quotes we see at the brokerage.

    For us retail folks trading in securities with low bid-ask spreads with decent volumes and during regular trading hours, I do not see any real impact.

  • edited January 30
    Frontrunning is illegal but it happens. Options volume tend to spike ahead of important news, so some people know and start trading based on it in the options market. Serious cases are investigated and people fined or jailed.

    Exchange bid-ask and volumes are from exchanges only. Looking at Barron's Trading Diary data, only those from NYSE, NYSE American, Nasdaq, NYSE Arca are reported, so regional exchanges and OTC data are skipped by the media.

    Most retail investors see superficial bid-ask spreads that may apply to the lots of few 100 shares. Professionals rely on Level 2 quotes that show the order book depth.

    ATS trades are reported to FINRA and it publishes aggregate data, some weekly, biweekly, monthly or quarterly. So, there is monitoring of ATS activity, but at a different level that that for the exchanges.
    https://www.finra.org/filing-reporting/otc-transparency#overview

  • there are many explanations, but i take the word of a reformed wall streeter, based on a long career witnessing every shenanigan, that hiding price discovery from the public is absolutely a factor. as good a reason as any to quit trading in single stock equity.

    https://www.newconstructs.com/dark-pools-have-taken-over-the-market/
  • YBB, I think you misunderstood my request. Are ATS prices not reflected in the real time last trade price (not market depth) quotes we see at the brokerages? This is important for price discovery. Level 2 are available to us at ToS (and probably at ATP as well but I have not used it in a while). Thanks.
  • edited January 30
    It looks like off-exchange trades don't contribute to bid-ask displays, but actual trades are reported in real-time (prices, volumes) and included in the consolidated tape.

    From FINRA link, https://www.finra.org/investors/insights/can-you-swim-dark-pool

    ".....The pools are called “dark” because they don’t broadcast pre-trade data—i.e., the presence, price and size of buy and sell orders—the way that traditional exchanges do. As a result, dark pools don’t contribute to the public “price discovery” process until after trades are executed. They do, however, need to report information about trades that occur.....At the same time, because dark pools necessarily rely on public prices as a benchmark for their trades, and generally under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) Order Protection Rule must execute trades at prices at least as good as the best publicly available, dark pools benefit from the pre-trade pricing information provided by those exchanges.....All trade data for listed stock transactions occurring on ATSs, including dark pools, must be submitted to a FINRA Trade Reporting Facility (TRF) and is published on the consolidated tape, an electronic system that provides real-time trade data for listed securities....."
  • edited January 30
    ”All trade data for listed stock transactions occurring on ATSs, including dark pools, must be submitted to a FINRA Trade Reporting Facility (TRF) and is published on the consolidated tape, an electronic system that provides real-time trade data for listed securities....."

    Interesting. Thank @yogibearbull. Would seem to at least mitigate any potential harms to those participating in the more transparent transaction process.
  • Yep. You got it. All I need is that real time price I see includes ATS prices. I do not need their bid-ask spread info.
  • edited January 30
    Thanks, YBB. We can not thank you enough.
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