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Yes, if you purchase a stock "before" the ex-dividend date, you get the dividend. If you purchase a stock on its ex-dividend date or after, you will not receive the next dividend payment. Instead, the seller gets the dividend.
If a stock is purchased in a taxable account, the dividend will be fully taxed even if the stock was held for only a few days. Thus, it's usually preferable to not "buy the dividend" in taxable accounts.
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https://www.fidelity.com/tax-information/tax-topics/qualified-dividends